Job Strain and Turnover Intention: The Mediating Role of Psychological Detachment
Keywords:
Job Strain, Turnover Intention, Psychological DetachmentAbstract
This study aimed to examine the mediating role of psychological detachment in the relationship between job strain and turnover intention among full-time employees in Pakistan. The research adopted a descriptive correlational design involving 400 full-time employees across various sectors in Pakistan. Participants were selected based on Morgan and Krejcie’s sampling table using stratified random sampling. Standardized tools were used to measure job strain (Job Content Questionnaire), psychological detachment (Recovery Experience Questionnaire), and turnover intention (Turnover Intention Scale). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation in SPSS-27 and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in AMOS-21 to test the mediation model and assess the strength and direction of direct and indirect relationships between variables. Pearson’s correlation results showed that job strain was positively associated with turnover intention (r = .58, p < .001) and negatively with psychological detachment (r = –.41, p < .001). Psychological detachment was also negatively associated with turnover intention (r = –.46, p < .001). SEM analysis confirmed good model fit (χ²/df = 2.39, RMSEA = 0.059, CFI = 0.97, GFI = 0.95). The direct effect of job strain on turnover intention was significant (β = 0.42, p < .001), as were the effects of job strain on psychological detachment (β = –0.39, p < .001) and psychological detachment on turnover intention (β = –0.31, p < .001). Psychological detachment partially mediated the relationship between job strain and turnover intention (indirect β = –0.12). The findings underscore the importance of psychological detachment as a key personal resource that mitigates the impact of job strain on turnover intention. Organizations should develop interventions that both reduce job stressors and enhance employees' ability to mentally disengage from work to improve retention outcomes.
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